Infants and young children are the first victims of pollution and climate change. The negative impacts of pollution and climate change affect all people, but especially the world’s most vulnerable population: newborns, infants and young children, whose immune and reproductive systems are still immature. Even the healthy development of the foetus during intrauterine life can be compromised by the impact of pollution and climate change. Every child’s right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of the health constitutes an inclusive right that extends to its underlying determinants, including the right to a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment. Therefore, States Parties should adopt appropriate measures to protect this right “taking into consideration the dangers and risks of environmental pollution” (article 24.2 (C) Convention on the Rights of the Child).